Arsitektur Epistemologis Ulumul Hadis: Integrasi Kritik Sanad-Matan Dan Verifikasi Hadis Di Era Digital

Abstrak

This article examines the epistemological architecture of Ulumul Hadis (the sciences of hadith) by analysing how classical methods of sanad (chain of transmission) and matn (text) criticism can be reconstructed into a practical framework for verifying hadith circulating in digital spaces. Using an integrative literature review of classical primary sources-including Ibn al-Shalah, al-Suyuthi, Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani, and al-Khatib al-Baghdadi-together with contemporary studies published between 2021 and 2026, the study addresses three questions: how the epistemological structure of Ulumul Hadis was formed through sanad-matn criticism; how classical principles can be applied to verify hadith in digital spaces; and what limitations and opportunities digital takhrij faces. The analysis shows that classical authentication criteria-continuity of transmission, narrator integrity, narrator precision, absence of irregularity, and absence of hidden defect-remain analytically transferable into a seven-step digital verification model spanning text identification, Arabic-text tracing, takhrij to primary sources, sanad examination, review of scholarly assessment, contextual analysis, and source disclosure. The study contributes a practical bridge between classical hadith criticism and contemporary digital literacy, while acknowledging its limitation as a literature-based study that has not been empirically tested.